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Peptide profiles built for real search demand

Educational pages for the compounds people actually search — from BPC-157 and TB-500 to GLP-1, insulin, and classic neuropeptides.

Each profile covers chemistry, research context, and nomenclature. This is not medical advice and not a shopping page — when you want product specifications, use the catalog CTA on each profile.

BPC-157

15 aa
Research peptide

BPC-157 (Body Protection Compound-157) is a synthetic 15-amino-acid peptide studied in preclinical models of tissue repair and gastrointesti

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TB-500

7 aa
Research peptide

TB-500 refers to a synthetic peptide fragment associated with thymosin beta-4 research, studied for effects on cell migration and tissue rem

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Tirzepatide

39 aa
Incretin dual agonist

Tirzepatide is an engineered dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and GLP-1 receptor agonist peptide. It is an approved p

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Retatrutide

39 aa
Incretin triple agonist

Retatrutide is an investigational triple agonist peptide targeting GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptors. It is widely discussed in metabolic r

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GLP-1

31 aa
Incretin

GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) is an incretin hormone that stimulates insulin secretion and influences appetite. Engineered analogs dominat

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Semaglutide

31 aa
Incretin analog

Semaglutide is a modified GLP-1 receptor agonist peptide designed for extended half-life. It is an approved prescription medicine in many ju

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CJC-1295

30 aa
Research peptide

CJC-1295 is a synthetic analog of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) studied for effects on the GH/IGF-1 axis. Variants with and withou

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Ipamorelin

5 aa
Research peptide

Ipamorelin is a selective growth hormone secretagogue receptor agonist peptide studied for GH release with a relatively focused receptor pro

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Sermorelin

29 aa
Research / clinical peptide

Sermorelin is a synthetic 29-amino-acid analog of growth hormone–releasing hormone (GHRH 1-29). It is widely searched in GH-axis education a

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AOD-9604

16 aa
Research peptide

AOD-9604 is a synthetic peptide related to the C-terminal region of human growth hormone, studied in metabolic and lipolysis-related researc

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Epithalon

4 aa
Research peptide

Epithalon (epitalon) is a synthetic tetrapeptide (AEDG) associated with pineal and aging research literature. It is a high-intent educationa

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MK-677

Research compound

MK-677 (ibutamoren) is an orally active ghrelin receptor agonist often searched alongside peptide GH secretagogues. It is a small molecule,

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Melanotan II

7 aa
Research peptide

Melanotan II is a synthetic cyclic peptide that acts on melanocortin receptors. It has been researched in pigmentation and related pathways

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GHRP-2

6 aa
Research peptide

GHRP-2 (pralmorelin) is a synthetic growth hormone–releasing peptide that acts at the ghrelin receptor. It is a foundational compound in GH

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GHRP-6

6 aa
Research peptide

GHRP-6 is a synthetic hexapeptide growth hormone secretagogue acting at the ghrelin receptor, frequently discussed for GH release and appeti

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LL-37

37 aa
Antimicrobial

LL-37 is the active 37-residue peptide from human cathelicidin, a cornerstone molecule in antimicrobial peptide and innate immunity research

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Thymosin Alpha-1

28 aa
Research / clinical peptide

Thymosin alpha-1 is a 28-amino-acid immune-modulating peptide used or approved in some countries and widely studied in immunology research w

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KPV

3 aa
Research peptide

KPV is the tripeptide Lys-Pro-Val, a C-terminal fragment related to alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, studied in inflammation and barrie

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IGF-1 LR3

83 aa
Research growth factor

IGF-1 LR3 is a long-acting analog of insulin-like growth factor-1 used in cell culture and experimental research. It is a potent growth fact

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Cagrilintide

37 aa
Amylin analog

Cagrilintide is a long-acting amylin analog peptide investigated for metabolic disease, often discussed alongside GLP-1 and dual/triple agon

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Insulin

51 aa
Hormone

Insulin is a 51-amino-acid peptide hormone that regulates blood glucose. It is the foundational peptide therapeutic and a reference point fo

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PT-141

7 aa
Research / approved analog family

PT-141 is a melanocortin receptor agonist peptide related to the bremelanotide research lineage. Understanding naming and approval status is

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GHK-Cu

3 aa
Cosmetic / research peptide

GHK-Cu is a copper complex of the tripeptide glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine, extensively discussed in skin biology and cosmetic science literatu

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MOTS-c

16 aa
Research peptide

MOTS-c is a 16-amino-acid mitochondrial-derived peptide studied in metabolic stress and exercise-related experimental models.

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Hexarelin

6 aa
Research peptide

Hexarelin (examorelin) is a synthetic hexapeptide growth hormone secretagogue studied for potent GH-releasing activity and related receptor

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Tesamorelin

44 aa
GHRH analog

Tesamorelin is a synthetic growth hormone–releasing hormone analog approved in some countries for specific labeled indications. It is an imp

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Kisspeptin-10

10 aa
Research peptide

Kisspeptin-10 is a decapeptide fragment that activates the kisspeptin receptor (KISS1R), a central node in reproductive hormone regulation r

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PEG-MGF

24 aa
Research peptide

PEG-MGF refers to PEGylated mechano growth factor–related peptides discussed in muscle and recovery research communities. It is a research c

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SS-31

4 aa
Research / clinical peptide

SS-31 (elamipretide) is a mitochondria-targeting tetrapeptide studied for effects on mitochondrial membranes and bioenergetics in experiment

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Gonadorelin

10 aa
Hypothalamic decapeptide hormone (GnRH)

Gonadorelin is a synthetic decapeptide identical to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Acting on the pituitary, it stimulates release of

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Oxytocin

9 aa
Neuropeptide

Oxytocin is a nine-amino-acid neuropeptide and hormone involved in labor, lactation, and social behavior. It is a classic model of cyclic pe

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Selank

7 aa
Research peptide

Selank is a synthetic analog of the immunomodulatory peptide tuftsin, studied in models related to anxiety and cognitive function. Regulator

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Semax

7 aa
Research peptide

Semax is a synthetic peptide analog of ACTH(4-10) studied for neurological and cognitive research applications. Status and availability diff

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Ghrelin

28 aa
Hormone

Ghrelin is a 28-amino-acid hunger hormone requiring unique post-translational octanoylation for receptor activation — a key example of pepti

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Exendin-4

39 aa
Incretin mimetic

Exendin-4 is a 39-residue peptide from Gila monster venom that activates the GLP-1 receptor and inspired the drug exenatide.

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DSIP

9 aa
Research peptide

DSIP (delta sleep-inducing peptide) is a nonapeptide historically investigated in sleep and stress research. Modern evidence and clinical us

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VIP

28 aa
Neuropeptide

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is a 28-amino-acid neuropeptide involved in smooth muscle relaxation, immune modulation, and circadian b

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Survodutide

Dual GLP-1 / glucagon receptor agonist (investigational)

Survodutide (BI 456906) is an investigational dual GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist studied in metabolic and liver research. Unlike many

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Melanotan-1

13 aa
Synthetic α-MSH analog (melanocortin agonist)

Melanotan-1 (afamelanotide) is a synthetic tridecapeptide analog of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone that acts on the melanocortin-1 recepto

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Liraglutide

31 aa
GLP-1 receptor agonist (acylated peptide)

Liraglutide is a modified glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog carrying a fatty-acid chain that extends its circulation time. It is a pres

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Glutathione

3 aa
Antioxidant tripeptide

Glutathione (GSH) is a tripeptide of glutamate, cysteine and glycine and the most abundant small-molecule antioxidant inside human cells. It

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Mazdutide

Dual GLP-1 / glucagon receptor agonist (oxyntomodulin analog)

Mazdutide (IBI362, LY3305677) is a dual GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist derived from oxyntomodulin. It has been studied in metabolic res

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Cerebrolysin

Enzymatically processed neuropeptide mixture

Cerebrolysin is an experimental mixture of low-molecular-weight peptides and amino acids produced by enzymatic breakdown of purified pig bra

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Dulaglutide

GLP-1 receptor agonist (Fc-fusion protein)

Dulaglutide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist in which two modified GLP-1 peptide chains are fused to a human immunoglobulin (IgG4) Fc fragment. T

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Teriparatide

34 aa
Recombinant parathyroid hormone fragment

Teriparatide is the first 34 amino acids of human parathyroid hormone (PTH), produced by recombinant technology and retaining the receptor-b

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Collagen peptides

Hydrolyzed protein mixture

Collagen peptides, also called hydrolyzed collagen or collagen hydrolysate, are a mixture of short peptides produced by breaking down animal

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Carnosine

2 aa
Dipeptide

Carnosine is a dipeptide of beta-alanine and histidine that is concentrated in skeletal muscle and brain tissue. Its imidazole side chain co

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Cyclosporin A

11 aa
Cyclic

Cyclosporin A is a cyclic non-ribosomal peptide immunosuppressant used in transplant medicine — a landmark natural product peptide drug.

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Octreotide

8 aa
Cyclic analog

Octreotide is an eight-amino-acid cyclic analog of somatostatin used clinically for hormone-secreting tumors and related indications.

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Somatostatin

14 aa
Hormone

Somatostatin is a 14-residue inhibitory peptide hormone regulating growth hormone and multiple gut/pancreatic hormones.

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SNAP-8

8 aa
Cosmetic peptide

SNAP-8 (acetyl octapeptide-3) is a cosmetic peptide marketed in skincare science as a SNARE-complex–related topical ingredient. It is distin

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Follistatin-344

344 aa
Glycoprotein / activin-binding protein isoform

Follistatin-344 (FS-344) is the 344-amino-acid precursor isoform of follistatin, an activin-binding protein encoded by the FST gene. It anta

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Glucagon

29 aa
Hormone

Glucagon is a 29-amino-acid peptide hormone from pancreatic alpha cells that raises blood glucose, opposing insulin. It is the archetypal co

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GHRP-1

7 aa
Research peptide

GHRP-1 is a synthetic growth hormone-releasing peptide developed from enkephalin-analog research and acting at the ghrelin/GHS receptor. It

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Leuprolide

10 aa
GnRH agonist

Leuprolide (leuprorelin) is a synthetic decapeptide analog of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Given continuously it desensitizes pituitary G

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Thymalin

Thymus-derived polypeptide complex (mixture)

Thymalin is a polypeptide complex extracted from thymus tissue and studied as an immunomodulatory 'thymic bioregulator.' Developed in the fo

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Setmelanotide

8 aa
Melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) agonist peptide

Setmelanotide is a synthetic cyclic octapeptide that selectively activates the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R), a signaling hub in the brain'

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Dihexa

Angiotensin IV-derived oligopeptide (investigational nootropic)

Dihexa (PNB-0408) is a synthetic angiotensin IV-derived oligopeptide studied as a potentiator of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) signaling at

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Thymosin beta-4

43 aa
Actin-sequestering peptide

Thymosin beta-4 is a naturally occurring 43-amino-acid peptide and the principal actin-sequestering molecule in many cell types. The researc

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Pramlintide

37 aa
Amylin analog

Pramlintide is a synthetic analog of the pancreatic hormone amylin, designed with proline substitutions so it stays soluble rather than aggr

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Peptide YY

36 aa
Gut hormone

Peptide YY (PYY) is a 36-amino-acid gut hormone released from intestinal L-cells after eating, where it contributes to satiety and slows gas

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Neuropeptide Y

36 aa
Neuropeptide

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36-amino-acid neuropeptide widely distributed in the nervous system. Research examines its roles in appetite, stre

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Argireline

6 aa
Cosmetic ingredient peptide

Argireline (acetyl hexapeptide-8, formerly acetyl hexapeptide-3) is a synthetic acetylated hexapeptide widely used as a cosmetic ingredient.

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Goserelin

10 aa
GnRH agonist

Goserelin is a synthetic decapeptide GnRH agonist that suppresses gonadal sex-hormone production through non-pulsatile receptor stimulation.

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Insulin-like growth factor 1

70 aa
Peptide hormone / growth factor

Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), also called somatomedin C, is a 70-amino-acid peptide hormone structurally related to insulin. Produce

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Substance P

11 aa
Neuropeptide

Substance P is an 11-amino-acid neuropeptide of the tachykinin family involved in pain signaling and neurogenic inflammation research.

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Defensin (HNP-1)

30 aa
Antimicrobial

Human neutrophil peptide-1 (HNP-1) is an alpha-defensin antimicrobial peptide with a disulfide-stabilized structure important in innate immu

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Vasopressin

9 aa
Hormone

Vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone) is a nine-residue peptide closely related to oxytocin, central to water balance physiology.

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Angiotensin II

8 aa
Hormone

Angiotensin II is an eight-amino-acid peptide central to blood-pressure regulation via the renin–angiotensin system.

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Matrixyl

5 aa
Cosmetic peptide

Matrixyl typically refers to palmitoyl pentapeptide-4 (Pal-KTTKS), a signal peptide widely used in cosmetic science and skincare formulation

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Humanin

24 aa
Mitochondrial-derived peptide (MDP)

Humanin is a mitochondrial-derived peptide encoded within the MT-RNR2 (16S rRNA) gene and was the first such peptide discovered. It is studi

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MGF

24 aa
IGF-1 splice-variant peptide

MGF (mechano growth factor) is a splice variant of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) that shares the mature IGF-1 region but carries a di

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Amylin

37 aa
Hormone

Amylin, or islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), is a 37-residue peptide hormone co-secreted with insulin from pancreatic beta cells. It is stud

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GIP

42 aa
Incretin

GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide) is a 42-amino-acid incretin hormone released from intestinal K-cells after meals, where i

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ARA-290

11 aa
Research peptide

ARA-290 (cibinetide) is an 11-amino-acid peptide corresponding to the helix-B surface of erythropoietin. It was engineered to engage the tis

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Lanreotide

8 aa
Somatostatin analog

Lanreotide is a synthetic octapeptide analog of somatostatin that binds the same inhibitory receptors but resists degradation for far longer

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Teduglutide

33 aa
GLP-2 analog

Teduglutide is a synthetic 33-amino-acid analog of glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2). A single alanine-to-glycine substitution extends its hal

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Cotadutide

30 aa
GLP-1 / glucagon receptor dual agonist (peptide)

Cotadutide (MEDI0382) is a synthetic peptide engineered as a balanced dual agonist of the GLP-1 and glucagon receptors. It is an investigati

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Colistin

Cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic

Colistin, also called polymyxin E, is a cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic from Paenibacillus species and a close relative of polymyxin B. It dis

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Daptomycin

13 aa
Cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic

Daptomycin is a 13-amino-acid cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic originally isolated from Streptomyces roseosporus. In the presence of calcium it

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Triptorelin

10 aa
GnRH agonist (decapeptide analog)

Triptorelin is a synthetic decapeptide analog of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and a long-acting agonist at the GnRH receptor. It is

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Adipotide

Chimeric pro-apoptotic peptidomimetic (investigational)

Adipotide (Prohibitin-TP01) is an experimental chimeric peptidomimetic that pairs a homing sequence targeting adipose-tissue blood vessels w

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Follistatin-315

315 aa
Activin-binding glycoprotein isoform

Follistatin-315 (FS-315) is the longer of two follistatin isoforms generated by alternative splicing of the FST gene. Follistatin binds acti

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Oxyntomodulin

37 aa
Gut hormone

Oxyntomodulin is a 37-amino-acid gut hormone released from intestinal L-cells after eating. Because it activates both the GLP-1 and glucagon

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Cholecystokinin

Gut & brain peptide

Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a peptide hormone and neurotransmitter released from intestinal I-cells and also produced widely in the brain. It t

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Orexin-A

33 aa
Neuropeptide

Orexin-A (hypocretin-1) is a 33-amino-acid hypothalamic neuropeptide central to the regulation of wakefulness and arousal. Loss of orexin si

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Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1

3 aa
Cosmetic ingredient peptide

Palmitoyl tripeptide-1 (Pal-GHK) is a lipidated cosmetic peptide made by attaching palmitic acid to the glycyl-histidyl-lysine (GHK) tripept

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Nafarelin

10 aa
GnRH agonist

Nafarelin is a synthetic decapeptide GnRH agonist administered intranasally. Continuous receptor activation desensitizes the pituitary and s

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Degarelix

10 aa
GnRH antagonist

Degarelix is a synthetic decapeptide GnRH receptor antagonist approved for advanced hormone-dependent prostate cancer. Unlike GnRH agonists,

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Linaclotide

14 aa
Guanylate cyclase-C agonist

Linaclotide is a synthetic 14-amino-acid peptide that activates guanylate cyclase-C on the intestinal lining, raising cyclic GMP and driving

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Abaloparatide

34 aa
PTHrP analog

Abaloparatide is a synthetic 34-amino-acid analog sharing about 76% homology with parathyroid hormone-related protein (1-34). It selectively

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Desmopressin

9 aa
Vasopressin analog

Desmopressin (DDAVP) is a synthetic nonapeptide analog of vasopressin, modified by deamination of the first residue and a D-arginine substit

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Pemvidutide

GLP-1 / glucagon receptor dual agonist (peptide)

Pemvidutide (ALT-801) is an investigational dual GLP-1/glucagon receptor agonist developed by Altimmune and studied in clinical trials for o

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Polymyxin B

Cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic

Polymyxin B is a cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic from Paenibacillus polymyxa, produced as a mixture of closely related components. Its cationi

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Glucagon-like peptide-2

33 aa
Peptide hormone (proglucagon-derived)

Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) is a 33-amino-acid gut hormone produced from proglucagon in intestinal L cells and co-released with GLP-1. A

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ACE-031

ActRIIB decoy-receptor fusion protein

ACE-031 is an engineered decoy receptor made by fusing the extracellular domain of the activin receptor type IIB (ActRIIB) to an IgG1 Fc fra

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Larazotide

8 aa
Tight-junction regulator peptide

Larazotide (larazotide acetate, AT-1001) is a synthetic eight-amino-acid peptide studied as a regulator of intestinal tight junctions, the s

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Lixisenatide

44 aa
Incretin mimetic (GLP-1 receptor agonist)

Lixisenatide is a synthetic GLP-1 receptor agonist built on the exendin-4 scaffold rather than on human GLP-1. Marketed as Lyxumia and Adlyx

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Calcitonin

32 aa
Hormone

Calcitonin is a 32-amino-acid peptide hormone secreted by thyroid C-cells that helps regulate blood calcium. Salmon calcitonin has been used

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CGRP

37 aa
Neuropeptide

CGRP (calcitonin gene-related peptide) is a 37-amino-acid neuropeptide produced by alternative splicing of the calcitonin gene. It is a pote

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ACTH

39 aa
Hormone

ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) is a 39-amino-acid pituitary hormone that drives adrenal cortisol release. As a key node of the HPA stres

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Decapeptide-12

10 aa
Cosmetic ingredient peptide

Decapeptide-12 (Lumixyl) is a synthetic 10-amino-acid peptide with the sequence YRSRKYSSWY, designed to inhibit tyrosinase, the enzyme that

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SYN-AKE

2 aa
Cosmetic ingredient peptide

SYN-AKE (dipeptide diaminobutyroyl benzylamide diacetate) is a synthetic cosmetic dipeptide designed to mimic waglerin-1, a peptide from the

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Pasireotide

6 aa
Somatostatin analog

Pasireotide is a synthetic cyclohexapeptide somatostatin analog with roughly 40-fold greater affinity for somatostatin receptor 5 than earli

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Plecanatide

16 aa
Guanylate cyclase-C agonist

Plecanatide is a synthetic 16-amino-acid analog of the human peptide uroguanylin that activates intestinal guanylate cyclase-C. Increased cy

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Icatibant

10 aa
Bradykinin B2 antagonist

Icatibant is a synthetic decapeptide peptidomimetic that selectively antagonizes the bradykinin B2 receptor. Because hereditary angioedema a

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Bradykinin

9 aa
Signaling peptide (kinin)

Bradykinin is a nine-amino-acid signaling peptide of the kinin group, released from kininogen by kallikrein. Acting through B2 and B1 recept

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Insulin-like growth factor 2

67 aa
Peptide hormone / growth factor

Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) is a ~67-amino-acid peptide of the insulin-like family that promotes cell growth, survival, migration a

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Efinopegdutide

GLP-1 / glucagon receptor dual agonist (peptide conjugate)

Efinopegdutide (MK-6024) is an investigational dual GLP-1/glucagon receptor co-agonist studied by Merck, more recently focused on non-alcoho

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Bacitracin

Cyclic polypeptide antibiotic (mixture)

Bacitracin is a mixture of related cyclic polypeptide antibiotics produced by Bacillus licheniformis. It inhibits dephosphorylation of C55-i

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Nisin

34 aa
Lantibiotic (ribosomal antimicrobial peptide)

Nisin is a 34-amino-acid lantibiotic produced by Lactococcus lactis, containing unusual post-translationally modified residues such as lanth

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Teixobactin

11 aa
Nonribosomal depsipeptide antibiotic

Teixobactin is an 11-residue nonribosomal depsipeptide antibiotic from the soil bacterium Eleftheria terrae, discovered in 2015 using the iC

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Met-enkephalin

5 aa
Neuropeptide

Met-enkephalin (YGGFM) is an endogenous opioid pentapeptide foundational to pain and reward neurobiology research.

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Atrial natriuretic peptide

28 aa
Peptide hormone (natriuretic peptide)

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a 28-residue cardiac hormone secreted by the atria in response to stretch. Encoded by NPPA, it signals t

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B-type natriuretic peptide

32 aa
Peptide hormone (natriuretic peptide)

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a 32-residue hormone secreted by cardiac ventricles in response to wall stretch. Cleaved from proBNP alo

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Histrelin

9 aa
GnRH agonist (nonapeptide analog)

Histrelin is a synthetic GnRH agonist peptide administered as a subcutaneous implant that releases drug continuously over about a year. It i

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Buserelin

9 aa
GnRH agonist (nonapeptide analog)

Buserelin is a synthetic GnRH agonist peptide used to suppress sex-hormone production in hormone-dependent conditions. It is an approved pre

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Cetrorelix

10 aa
GnRH antagonist (decapeptide analog)

Cetrorelix is a synthetic decapeptide GnRH antagonist that competitively blocks the GnRH receptor. It is an approved prescription medicine u

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Ganirelix

10 aa
GnRH antagonist (decapeptide analog)

Ganirelix is a synthetic decapeptide GnRH antagonist that competitively blocks the pituitary GnRH receptor. It is an approved prescription m

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Beta-endorphin

31 aa
Neuropeptide

Beta-endorphin is a 31-amino-acid endogenous opioid peptide cleaved from the proopiomelanocortin (POMC) precursor. It is a foundational mole

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Ziconotide

25 aa
Conotoxin analgesic

Ziconotide is the synthetic form of an ω-conotoxin, a 25-amino-acid peptide from cone snail venom that selectively blocks N-type voltage-gat

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Terlipressin

12 aa
Vasopressin analog

Terlipressin is a synthetic analog of vasopressin built by adding three glycine residues to lysine-vasopressin. It acts as a slow-release pr

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Carbetocin

8 aa
Oxytocin analog

Carbetocin is a synthetic long-acting analog of oxytocin. Structural modifications extend its half-life to roughly 85-100 minutes versus a f

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Bivalirudin

20 aa
Direct thrombin inhibitor

Bivalirudin is a synthetic 20-amino-acid peptide modeled on the leech anticoagulant hirudin. It binds thrombin bivalently, occupying both th

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Apelin

Peptide hormone

Apelin is an endogenous peptide hormone processed from a 77-amino-acid precursor into active fragments such as apelin-13 and apelin-36. It i

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Beinaglutide

30 aa
GLP-1 receptor agonist (recombinant human GLP-1)

Beinaglutide is a recombinant human GLP-1(7-36) that shares 100% sequence identity with native human GLP-1. Approved in China for type 2 dia

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Gramicidin

15 aa
Linear peptide antibiotic (ion-channel former)

Gramicidin is a 15-residue linear peptide antibiotic from the soil bacterium Brevibacillus brevis, notable for alternating L- and D-amino ac

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Teicoplanin

Glycopeptide antibiotic (complex)

Teicoplanin is a glycopeptide antibiotic complex first isolated in 1978 from Actinoplanes teichomyceticus, sharing the mechanism of vancomyc

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Relaxin

Peptide hormone (insulin superfamily)

Relaxin (H2 relaxin) is a peptide hormone of the insulin superfamily, built from A and B chains linked by disulfide bonds. Circulating relax

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Endothelin-1

21 aa
Signaling peptide (endothelin)

Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a 21-amino-acid peptide produced mainly by vascular endothelial cells and is the most potent endogenous vasoconstrict

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Secretin

27 aa
Hormone

Secretin is a 27-amino-acid hormone released from duodenal S-cells in response to stomach acid entering the small intestine. Discovered by B

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Gastrin

Gut hormone

Gastrin is a peptide hormone released by G-cells of the gastric antrum that stimulates acid secretion from the stomach's parietal cells. Cir

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Efpeglenatide

Incretin mimetic (GLP-1 receptor agonist)

Efpeglenatide is a long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist built from an exendin-based peptide conjugated to an antibody Fc fragment for extended

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Galanin

30 aa
Neuropeptide

Galanin is a neuropeptide (30 residues in humans) that modulates neurotransmission across many brain regions. Research explores its involvem

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Alpha-MSH

13 aa
Neuropeptide

Alpha-MSH (alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone) is a 13-amino-acid melanocortin peptide processed from POMC. Research examines its roles in

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Magainin

23 aa
Antimicrobial peptide

Magainins are cationic antimicrobial peptides from the skin of the African clawed frog, with magainin 2 (GIGKFLHSAKKFGKAFVGEIMNS) the best-s

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Melittin

26 aa
Membrane-active peptide

Melittin is the principal component of honeybee venom, a 26-residue amphipathic peptide that inserts into and permeabilizes lipid membranes.

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Atosiban

9 aa
Oxytocin antagonist

Atosiban is a synthetic nonapeptide, a desamino-oxytocin analog that competitively antagonizes oxytocin and vasopressin receptors. By blocki

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Eptifibatide

7 aa
GPIIb/IIIa inhibitor

Eptifibatide is a synthetic cyclic heptapeptide derived from a disintegrin in pygmy rattlesnake venom. It reversibly blocks the platelet gly

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Adropin

76 aa
Peptide hormone (hepatokine)

Adropin is a secreted peptide encoded by the energy homeostasis-associated gene (ENHO) and first described in 2008. Its 76-residue sequence

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Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7

4 aa
Cosmetic signal peptide (INCI ingredient)

Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7 (Pal-GQPR) is a lipidated cosmetic peptide based on a Gly-Gln-Pro-Arg fragment of immunoglobulin G, and a component

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Pexiganan

22 aa
Synthetic antimicrobial peptide (magainin analog)

Pexiganan (MSI-78) is a 22-amino-acid synthetic antimicrobial peptide derived from the frog-skin peptide magainin 2. It folds into an amphip

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Chlorotoxin

36 aa
Scorpion-venom peptide (toxin)

Chlorotoxin is a 36-amino-acid peptide from deathstalker scorpion venom, stabilized by four disulfide bonds. It binds targets enriched on gl

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Apamin

18 aa
Bee-venom neurotoxin peptide

Apamin is an 18-amino-acid neurotoxic peptide from honeybee venom, cross-linked by two disulfide bonds into a compact fold. It is the classi

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Motilin

22 aa
Gut hormone

Motilin is a 22-amino-acid gut hormone secreted by endocrine cells of the small intestine. It coordinates the migrating motor complex, the w

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Obestatin

23 aa
Gut hormone

Obestatin is a 23-amino-acid peptide cleaved from the same preproghrelin precursor that produces ghrelin. It was originally proposed to oppo

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Albiglutide

Incretin mimetic (GLP-1 receptor agonist)

Albiglutide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist created by genetically fusing two modified GLP-1 sequences to human serum albumin, giving it a long

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Neurotensin

13 aa
Neuropeptide

Neurotensin is a 13-amino-acid neuropeptide found in the brain and gut. Research examines its interactions with dopamine signaling and its r

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Dynorphin

17 aa
Neuropeptide

Dynorphin is a family of endogenous opioid peptides (dynorphin A is 17 residues) derived from prodynorphin. It preferentially activates kapp

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Alexamorelin

7 aa
Research peptide

Alexamorelin (Ala-His-D-2-methyl-Trp-Ala-Trp-D-Phe-Lys-NH2) is a synthetic growth hormone secretagogue studied in human endocrine research.

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Protegrin-1

18 aa
Antimicrobial peptide

Protegrin-1 (PG-1) is an 18-residue arginine-rich antimicrobial peptide from porcine leukocytes. Two disulfide bonds lock it into an antipar

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Indolicidin

13 aa
Antimicrobial peptide

Indolicidin is a 13-residue cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide from bovine neutrophils, unusually rich in tryptophan and proline. It is one

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Thymopentin

5 aa
Immunomodulatory peptide

Thymopentin (TP-5, sequence RKDVY) is a synthetic pentapeptide corresponding to residues 32-36 of the thymic hormone thymopoietin. It intera

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Elabela

Peptide hormone (micropeptide)

Elabela (also called Apela or Toddler) is a micropeptide hormone identified in 2013 as a second endogenous ligand of the apelin APJ receptor

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Spexin

14 aa
Neuropeptide / peptide hormone

Spexin (neuropeptide Q) is a 14-amino-acid endogenous peptide discovered by bioinformatic analysis in 2007. It signals through galanin recep

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C-type natriuretic peptide

22 aa
Peptide hormone (natriuretic peptide)

C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is a 22-residue peptide of the natriuretic family that acts locally rather than as a circulating natriureti

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Adrenomedullin

52 aa
Peptide hormone

Adrenomedullin (ADM) is a 52-amino-acid peptide hormone first isolated from adrenal-medulla tumor tissue in 1993. Widely expressed and circu

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Endomorphin-1

4 aa
Endogenous opioid tetrapeptide

Endomorphin-1 (Tyr-Pro-Trp-Phe-NH2) is an endogenous opioid tetrapeptide and one of the most selective natural agonists of the mu-opioid rec

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Endomorphin-2

4 aa
Endogenous opioid tetrapeptide

Endomorphin-2 (Tyr-Pro-Phe-Phe-NH2) is an endogenous opioid tetrapeptide and a highly selective mu-opioid receptor agonist. It differs from

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Dermorphin

7 aa
Exogenous opioid heptapeptide (frog skin)

Dermorphin is a naturally occurring opioid heptapeptide from the skin of Phyllomedusa frogs and a highly potent, selective mu-opioid recepto

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Deltorphin

7 aa
Exogenous opioid heptapeptide (frog skin)

Deltorphin (deltorphin A / dermenkephalin) is a naturally occurring opioid heptapeptide from Phyllomedusa frog skin and a potent, highly sel

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Neuromedin U

25 aa
Neuropeptide

Neuromedin U (NmU) is a neuropeptide found in brain and gut, first isolated in 1985 for its uterus-contracting activity. Acting through the

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Acetyl Tetrapeptide-5

4 aa
Cosmetic signal peptide (INCI ingredient)

Acetyl Tetrapeptide-5 (trade name Eyeseryl) is a synthetic acetylated tetrapeptide used as a cosmetic ingredient in eye-care products, marke

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Omiganan

12 aa
Synthetic antimicrobial peptide (indolicidin analog)

Omiganan is a synthetic 12-amino-acid cationic peptide analog of indolicidin, a host-defense peptide from bovine neutrophils. It depolarizes

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Deslorelin

9 aa
GnRH agonist (nonapeptide analog)

Deslorelin is a synthetic GnRH agonist peptide used primarily in veterinary medicine. As implants such as Suprelorin and Ovuplant, it is app

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Abarelix

10 aa
GnRH antagonist (decapeptide analog)

Abarelix is a synthetic decapeptide GnRH antagonist developed for advanced prostate cancer. It was introduced in the United States in 2003 b

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Vapreotide

8 aa
Somatostatin analog (cyclic octapeptide)

Vapreotide is a synthetic cyclic octapeptide analog of somatostatin that activates somatostatin receptors. It has been studied and used in s

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Aviptadil

28 aa
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) analog

Aviptadil is an injectable synthetic form of human vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), a 28-amino-acid neuropeptide. It has been investigat

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Macimorelin

Ghrelin receptor agonist (peptidomimetic)

Macimorelin is an orally active ghrelin/growth hormone secretagogue receptor agonist. It was approved by the FDA in 2017 as a diagnostic age

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Nesfatin-1

82 aa
Neuropeptide / metabolic peptide

Nesfatin-1 is a peptide cleaved from the precursor protein nucleobindin-2 (NUCB2), produced in the hypothalamus and in peripheral tissues. I

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Bombesin

14 aa
Neuropeptide

Bombesin is a 14-amino-acid peptide first isolated from amphibian skin that gave its name to a family of mammalian receptors. It is widely u

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Nociceptin

17 aa
Neuropeptide

Nociceptin (orphanin FQ) is a 17-amino-acid neuropeptide that binds the NOP receptor, a member of the opioid receptor family. It is studied

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P21

4 aa
Research peptide

P21 (P021) is a synthetic peptide designed as a mimetic of an active region of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF). It has been studied in an

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Temporin

Antimicrobial peptide

Temporins are a large family of short antimicrobial peptides first isolated from the European frog Rana temporaria. Members such as temporin

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Cecropin

Antimicrobial peptide

Cecropins are antimicrobial peptides first isolated from the hemolymph of the cecropia moth. Roughly 31-37 residues long, they form amphipat

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Thymulin

9 aa
Immunomodulatory peptide

Thymulin is a nonapeptide thymic hormone produced by thymic epithelial cells that requires a zinc ion for its biological activity and charac

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Urocortin

40 aa
Neuropeptide (CRF family)

Urocortin is a 40-amino-acid neuropeptide of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family. Binding both CRHR1 and CRHR2 receptors, it par

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Urotensin-II

11 aa
Signaling peptide

Urotensin-II (U-II) is an 11-amino-acid cyclic peptide encoded by UTS2 and described as one of the most potent vasoconstrictors known. Actin

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Thymogen

2 aa
Synthetic dipeptide immunomodulator (Khavinson class)

Thymogen is a synthetic dipeptide, L-glutamyl-L-tryptophan (Glu-Trp), from the Khavinson family of short-peptide bioregulators. Identified a

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Leuphasyl

5 aa
Cosmetic neuro-peptide (INCI ingredient)

Leuphasyl (INCI: Pentapeptide-18) is a synthetic cosmetic peptide modeled on natural enkephalins, marketed to reduce the appearance of expre

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Oligopeptide-1 (EGF)

53 aa
Cosmetic growth-factor peptide (INCI ingredient)

Oligopeptide-1, INCI name sh-Oligopeptide-1, is a bioengineered analog of human epidermal growth factor (EGF), a 53-residue protein used as

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Murepavadin

Peptidomimetic antibiotic (protegrin-derived)

Murepavadin (POL7080) is a synthetic cyclic beta-hairpin peptidomimetic derived from the host-defense peptide protegrin I. Unlike broad memb

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Huwentoxin

Spider-venom peptide family (toxins)

Huwentoxins are a family of neurotoxic peptides from the venom of the Chinese bird spider, most sharing the highly stable inhibitor cystine-

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Mambalgin

Snake-venom peptide (three-finger toxin)

Mambalgins are three-finger-toxin peptides isolated from black mamba venom that inhibit acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) by trapping them i

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Cortagen

4 aa
Synthetic tetrapeptide bioregulator (Khavinson class)

Cortagen (Ala-Glu-Asp-Pro, AEDP) is a synthetic tetrapeptide from the Khavinson family of bioregulators, designed as the defined-sequence co

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Cardiogen

4 aa
Synthetic tetrapeptide bioregulator (Khavinson class)

Cardiogen (Ala-Glu-Asp-Arg, AEDR) is a synthetic tetrapeptide from the Khavinson family of bioregulators, studied as a heart-tissue peptide

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Plectasin

40 aa
Fungal defensin antimicrobial peptide

Plectasin is a 40-amino-acid antimicrobial peptide from the saprophytic fungus Pseudoplectania nigrella, and the first defensin discovered i

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Guanylin

15 aa
Signaling peptide (guanylin family)

Guanylin is a 15-amino-acid peptide secreted by goblet cells of the colon and encoded by GUCA2A. As an endogenous agonist of the guanylate c

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Uroguanylin

16 aa
Signaling peptide (guanylin family)

Uroguanylin is a 16-amino-acid peptide secreted by enterochromaffin cells of the duodenum and encoded by GUCA2B. As an endogenous guanylate

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Phoenixin

14 aa
Neuropeptide

Phoenixin (PNX) is a highly conserved neuropeptide first described in 2013 and processed from the SMIM20 prohormone into 14- and 20-residue

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Catestatin

21 aa
Signaling peptide (chromogranin-derived)

Catestatin is a 21-amino-acid peptide cleaved from chromogranin A and released from neuroendocrine secretory granules. As a non-competitive

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PE-22-28

7 aa
Research peptide

PE-22-28 is a synthetic heptapeptide derived from spadin, developed as a shortened analog that inhibits the TREK-1 potassium channel. It has

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Cortexin

Polypeptide complex

Cortexin is a low-molecular-weight polypeptide complex extracted from cerebral cortex tissue, studied largely in Russian neuroscience litera

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Pinealon

3 aa
Research peptide

Pinealon is a synthetic tripeptide (Glu-Asp-Arg, EDR) from the Khavinson short-peptide bioregulator class. It has been studied for proposed

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Teverelix

10 aa
GnRH antagonist (decapeptide analog)

Teverelix is a synthetic decapeptide GnRH antagonist that binds competitively and reversibly to pituitary GnRH receptors, suppressing lutein

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Seglitide

6 aa
Somatostatin analog (cyclic hexapeptide)

Seglitide (MK-678) is a synthetic cyclic hexapeptide analog of somatostatin with strong activity at the SSTR2 receptor subtype. It has been

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Capromorelin

Ghrelin receptor agonist (peptidomimetic)

Capromorelin is an orally active ghrelin/growth hormone secretagogue receptor agonist that increases appetite and stimulates growth hormone

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Anamorelin

Ghrelin receptor agonist (orally active)

Anamorelin is an orally active, centrally penetrant agonist of the ghrelin/growth hormone secretagogue receptor with appetite-stimulating an

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Relamorelin

Ghrelin receptor agonist (synthetic peptide analog)

Relamorelin is a synthetic, centrally penetrant agonist of the ghrelin/growth hormone secretagogue receptor developed as a prokinetic. It ha

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Tabimorelin

Ghrelin receptor agonist (orally active peptidomimetic)

Tabimorelin (NN703) is a potent, orally active agonist of the ghrelin/growth hormone secretagogue receptor and one of the earliest GH secret

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