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Peptide hormone (natriuretic peptide)

B-type natriuretic peptide

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a 32-residue hormone secreted by cardiac ventricles in response to wall stretch.

By The Peptides Codex Editorial TeamIndividual review date not recorded

Page data last changed: . Chemistry registry snapshot: . Registry refreshes and identity assessments are separate from scientific content review.

Length
32 aa
Class
Peptide hormone (natriuretic peptide)
Function
Diuresis, natriuresis and vasodilation via NPR-A
Context
Cardiovascular physiology and heart-failure biomarker research

A ventricular hormone whose blood level (with NT-proBNP) is a key heart-failure marker.

Also known as: BNP · BNP-32 · brain natriuretic peptide · NPPB

Part of the Foundational & therapeutic peptides cluster

Overview

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a 32-residue hormone secreted by cardiac ventricles in response to wall stretch. Cleaved from proBNP alongside the inactive NT-proBNP fragment, it promotes natriuresis, diuresis and vasodilation and is widely used as a heart-failure biomarker. This page is educational and not medical advice.

Source & context

Biological / chemical source: Secreted by cardiac ventricles; encoded by the NPPB gene

Primary research or clinical context: Cardiovascular physiology and heart-failure biomarker research

Processing and receptor

proBNP is cleaved into the active 32-residue BNP and the inactive N-terminal fragment NT-proBNP. Like ANP, BNP signals through NPR-A and cGMP, but it is released mainly from ventricular myocytes when ventricular volume and pressure rise.

Biomarker relevance

Because circulating BNP and NT-proBNP rise with ventricular strain, they are central laboratory markers in heart-failure research and management. The synthetic analog nesiritide reflects therapeutic interest in the natriuretic-peptide pathway.

Structure & chemistry

Molecular identity & reference confidence

Reference mass unavailable

Reference values are taken from the cited molecular record or curated profile. A database match is not independent laboratory verification; modifications, counter-ions, and formulations can change the measured mass.

Molecular form
B-type natriuretic peptide (source record; form not independently established)
Species
Not established by this molecular identity audit
Termini (N / C)
Not specified / Not specified

Average reference mass

Reference policy updated: 2026-10-05

Status
Approved medicine in at least one jurisdiction (IUPHAR record)
Identifiers

Chemistry values: IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology · fetched 2026-09-08.

Clinical development snapshot

ClinicalTrials.gov lists 291 registered studies with “B-type natriuretic peptide” as an intervention (snapshot 2026-10-01). A registry footprint is not evidence of efficacy or approval.

Registered studies
291
Highest phase reached
Phase 4
Active in latest 100
36
Most recent update
2026-09-29
Most recently updated studies
NCTTitlePhaseStatusUpdated
NCT07096726Boston Medical Center Ultrasound Decongestion Study in Heart FailureNot applicablenot yet recruiting2026-09-29
NCT05791617PET/MR in Post Stroke Cardiac Inflammation Study—terminated2026-09-18
NCT07812207Right Ventricular Afterload Indices in Lung Surgery—not yet recruiting2026-09-10
NCT07765472Subclinical Myocardial Dysfunction in Children With Wilson's Disease—active not recruiting2026-08-14
NCT06183931Study of ALXN2220 Versus Placebo in Adults With ATTR-CMPhase 3active not recruiting2026-08-10
NCT07711821PRIMARY-HF: Heart Failure Screening in Primary Care Using Point-of- CareNot applicablerecruiting2026-07-17
See all on ClinicalTrials.gov →

Change log

Dated observations from the data pipeline (registry flags, trial footprints, identifiers) and editorial reviews of this profile.

  1. Trials1 registered study added on ClinicalTrials.gov (now 291).

FAQ about B-type natriuretic peptide

What is B-type natriuretic peptide?+

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a 32-residue hormone secreted by cardiac ventricles in response to wall stretch. Cleaved from proBNP alongside the inactive NT-proBNP fragment, it promotes natriuresis, diuresis and vasodilation and is widely used as a heart-failure biomarker. This page is educational and not medical advice.

What Canadian product status is recorded for B-type natriuretic peptide?+

Canadian product status for B-type natriuretic peptide has not been verified in this profile. No verified record here does not mean no authorization exists. Status depends on the product, formulation and use; consult Health Canada's product records.

What is the typical length of B-type natriuretic peptide?+

B-type natriuretic peptide is commonly described as approximately 32 amino acids (Peptide hormone (natriuretic peptide)).

Related peptides

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Met-enkephalin (YGGFM) is an endogenous opioid pentapeptide foundational to pain and reward neurobiology research.
Atrial natriuretic peptide
Peptide hormone (natriuretic peptide)
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a 28-residue cardiac hormone secreted by the atria in response to stretch. Encoded by NPPA, it signals through the NPR-A guanylyl-cyclase receptor to promote sodium and water excretion, vasodilation and reduced blood volume. This page is educational and not medical advice.
C-type natriuretic peptide
Peptide hormone (natriuretic peptide)
C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is a 22-residue peptide of the natriuretic family that acts locally rather than as a circulating natriuretic hormone. Signaling through NPR-B and cGMP, it regulates endochondral bone growth, vascular tone and neuronal function. This page is educational and not medical advice.
Histrelin
GnRH agonist (nonapeptide analog)
Histrelin is a synthetic GnRH agonist peptide administered as a subcutaneous implant that releases drug continuously over about a year. It is an approved prescription medicine for central precocious puberty in children and for hormone-sensitive prostate cancer in adults. This page is educational and is not medical advice.

References & further reading

  1. 1.Nohria et al. (2006). B-type natriuretic peptide and the stressed heart. J Am Coll Cardiol
  2. 2.Cohn (2006). B-type natriuretic peptide and artery stiffness. Am J Hypertens
  3. 3.Socrates et al. (2009). B-type natriuretic peptide in children: step by step.. J Am Coll Cardiol
  4. 4.Zwaenepoel et al. (2022). The use of cardiac troponins and B-type natriuretic peptide in COVID-19. Acta Cardiol
  5. 5.Rady (2007). B-type natriuretic peptide and sepsis: it is not just the heart. J Intensive Care Med
  6. 6.Nishikimi et al. (2013). Complexity of molecular forms of B-type natriuretic peptide in heart failure. Heart
  7. 7.D'Souza et al. (2003). B Type natriuretic peptide: a good omen in myocardial ischaemia?. Heart
  8. 8.Røsjø et al. (2016). B-Type Natriuretic Peptide as a Therapeutic Strategy: Opportunities and Pitfalls. Cardiology
  9. 9.PMC — Brain Natriuretic Peptide and its clinical issues in heart failure
  10. 10.Wikipedia — Brain natriuretic peptide 32
  11. 11.Wikipedia — Natriuretic peptide
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