Page data last changed: . Registry refreshes and identity assessments are separate from scientific content review.
An exendin-4-derived GLP-1 agonist — the venom lineage engineered into a once-daily drug.
Also known as: Lyxumia · Adlyxin · AVE0010
Part of the Metabolic & GLP-1 peptides cluster
Overview
Lixisenatide is a synthetic GLP-1 receptor agonist built on the exendin-4 scaffold rather than on human GLP-1. Marketed as Lyxumia and Adlyxin, it is an approved prescription medicine in the EU and United States and a useful case study in how venom-derived peptides are adapted into once-daily therapeutics.
Source & context
Biological / chemical source: Synthetic peptide (des-Pro exendin-4 analog with a poly-lysine tail)
Primary research or clinical context: Approved prescription medicine (EU and United States); prescription only
Exendin-4 heritage
Like exenatide, lixisenatide descends from exendin-4, the DPP-4-resistant GLP-1 mimic originally found in Gila monster venom. It removes a proline and adds a chain of six lysine residues at the C-terminus, changes that tune its receptor engagement and pharmacokinetics — a clear example of scaffold-based peptide drug design.
Regulatory status
Lixisenatide is a regulated prescription product, not a research chemical. This page describes its chemistry and approval history for educational purposes only. Any use of prescription medicines belongs with a licensed clinician, and this content is not dosing or treatment advice.
Sequence of the selected reference form
Sequence backbone for the reference form: Lixisenatide44-residue parent amide. Termini, stereochemistry and modifications are described below.
HGEGTFTSDLSKQMEEEAVRLFIEWLKNGGPSSGAPPSKKKKKK
Analyze sequences in the playground →Structure & chemistry
Molecular identity & reference confidence
Source-supported reference
The selected 44-residue lixisenatide parent has a terminal Lys44 amide. Official label mass is4858.5 Da. The disputed PubChem CIDs return identical full InChIKeys and formulas; formulation components are excluded.
- Molecular form
- Lixisenatide44-residue parent amide
- Species
- Synthetic exendin-derived GLP-1 receptor agonist; no natural source species applies to the engineered sequence
- Termini (N / C)
- Free L-histidyl amino terminus / L-lysinamide (Lys44-NH2)
Average reference mass · Molecular identity assessment: 2026-10-05
Reference policy updated: 2026-10-05
- PubChem PUG REST selected parent properties · 2026-10-05
- PubChem selected-parent biologic notation · 2026-10-05
- PubChem selected-parent identifiers with depositor attribution · 2026-10-05
- NIH GSRS independently selected parent record · 2026-10-05
- Official product label chemical description, selected parent distinguished from formulation · 2026-10-05
H-His-Gly-Glu-Gly-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-Leu-Ser-Lys-Gln-Met-Glu-Glu-Glu-Ala-Val-Arg-Leu-Phe-Ile-Glu-Trp-Leu-Lys-Asn-Gly-Gly-Pro-Ser-Ser-Gly-Ala-Pro-Pro-Ser-Lys-Lys-Lys-Lys-Lys-Lys-NH2
- Molecular formula
- C215H347N61O65S
- Average reference mass
- ≈ 4,858.5
- Backbone
- Lixisenatide44-residue parent amide
- C-terminus
- L-lysinamide (Lys44-NH2)
- PubChem CID: 90472060
- CAS RN: 320367-13-3
- UNII: 74O62BB01U
Chemistry values: curated profile, PubChem.
Clinical development snapshot
ClinicalTrials.gov lists 75 registered studies with “Lixisenatide” as an intervention (snapshot 2026-09-06). A registry footprint is not evidence of efficacy or approval.
| NCT | Title | Phase | Status | Updated |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT05220917 | Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Four Second Line Pharmacological Strategies in Type 2 Diabetes Study | — | active not recruiting | 2026-08-13 |
| NCT06716424 | A Study to Investigate Safety and Efficacy of iGlarLixi in Adult Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus | Phase 4 | completed | 2026-07-10 |
| NCT07307235 | Efficacy and Safety of iGlarLixi Versus Standard of Care in a Real-world Adult China Population With Uncontrol | Phase 4 | recruiting | 2026-07-07 |
| NCT06671587 | iGlarLixi CGM Study in Chinese T2D Individuals After OADs | Phase 4 | recruiting | 2026-03-17 |
| NCT07173712 | Regimen Transition After Short-Term Intensive Insulin Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes | Phase 4 | not yet recruiting | 2026-02-06 |
| NCT03439943 | Study to Evaluate the Effect of Lixisenatide in Patient With Parkinson's Disease | Phase 2 | completed | 2025-11-28 |
Lixisenatide — reconstitution calculator
Enter how much peptide is in the vial and how much diluent (e.g. bacteriostatic water) is added. The tool returns the resulting solution concentration — and, for any amount you type, the volume it corresponds to. This is educational arithmetic, not a dosing recommendation.
Reference form: Lixisenatide44-residue parent amideAverage reference mass: 4,858.5 Da
Enter an amount to see the volume it corresponds to.
Educational concentration mathematics only. This tool does not recommend a dose, amount, or protocol, and nothing here is medical advice. Many peptides are not authorized by Health Canada for human use — see our reconstitution and bacteriostatic-water guides for context.
FAQ about Lixisenatide
What is Lixisenatide?+
Lixisenatide is a synthetic GLP-1 receptor agonist built on the exendin-4 scaffold rather than on human GLP-1. Marketed as Lyxumia and Adlyxin, it is an approved prescription medicine in the EU and United States and a useful case study in how venom-derived peptides are adapted into once-daily therapeutics.
What Canadian product status is recorded for Lixisenatide?+
Canadian product status for Lixisenatide has not been verified in this profile. No verified record here does not mean no authorization exists. Status depends on the product, formulation and use; consult Health Canada's product records.
What is the length of the selected reference form for Lixisenatide?+
The selected reference form (Lixisenatide44-residue parent amide) has 44 residues or residue-derived units in its backbone. Other forms in this family may have a different length.
Related peptides
References & further reading
- 1.Meissner et al. (2024). Trial of Lixisenatide in Early Parkinson's Disease. N Engl J Med
- 2.Baker et al. (2017). Lixisenatide. Hosp Pharm
- 3.Pfeffer et al. (2015). Lixisenatide in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Acute Coronary Syndrome. N Engl J Med
- 4.Elkinson et al. (2013). Lixisenatide: first global approval. Drugs
- 5.Christensen et al. (2011). Lixisenatide for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Expert Opin Investig Drugs
- 6.Anderson et al. (2016). Lixisenatide in type 2 diabetes: latest evidence and clinical usefulness. Ther Adv Chronic Dis
- 7.Sun et al. (2026). Neuroprotective effects of lixisenatide against propagation of α-synuclein pathology in Parkinson's disease. Neural Regen Res
- 8.PubChem — compound summary for Lixisenatide (CID 90472060)
- 9.Wikipedia — Lixisenatide