Page data last changed: . Registry refreshes and identity assessments are separate from scientific content review.
Widely distributed neuromodulator acting through GAL1–GAL3 receptors.
Part of the Neuropeptides & signaling cluster
Overview
Galanin is a neuropeptide (30 residues in humans) that modulates neurotransmission across many brain regions. Research explores its involvement in mood, feeding, and pain-signaling pathways.
Source & context
Biological / chemical source: Central and peripheral nervous system
Primary research or clinical context: Neuroscience research
Receptor subtypes
Galanin acts through three G-protein-coupled receptors (GAL1, GAL2, GAL3) with distinct distributions. This receptor diversity is a major reason galanin biology is studied in the context of appetite, seizure thresholds, and stress in experimental models.
Species length note
Human galanin is 30 amino acids, while many other species express a 29-residue amidated form. Such species differences are a recurring point of care when comparing published galanin studies.
Sequence of the selected reference form
Sequence backbone for the reference form: Human galanin(1-30), nonamidated C-terminal Ser free acid. Termini, stereochemistry and modifications are described below.
GWTLNSAGYLLGPHAVGNHRSFSDKNGLTS
Residues plotted ~100° apart around an α-helix — clustering of one color reveals an amphipathic face.
Structure & chemistry
Molecular identity & reference confidence
Source-supported reference
Select the experimentally isolated human 30-residue nonamidated galanin molecule. The original human pituitary study, reviewed human precursor and PubChem graph agree; this avoids transferring the usual nonhuman 29-residue amide to a human profile.
- Molecular form
- Human galanin(1-30), nonamidated C-terminal Ser free acid
- Species
- Homo sapiens
- Termini (N / C)
- Free alpha-amino group of glycine / Free L-serine carboxylic acid (-COOH)
Average reference mass · Molecular identity assessment: 2026-10-05
Reference policy updated: 2026-10-05
- PubChem PUG molecular properties and explicit molecular graph · 2026-10-05
- PubChem PUG stereochemistry and normalized structure identity · 2026-10-05
- Reviewed UniProt molecular sequence and processed-chain annotations · 2026-10-05
- Isolation and primary structure of pituitary human galanin, a 30-residue nonamidated neuropeptide. · 2026-10-05
- Molecular formula
- C139H210N42O43
- Average reference mass
- ≈ 3,157.4
- Backbone
- Human galanin(1-30), nonamidated C-terminal Ser free acid
- C-terminus
- Free L-serine carboxylic acid (-COOH)
- PubChem CID: 16133823
Chemistry values: curated profile, PubChem.
Clinical development snapshot
ClinicalTrials.gov lists 3 registered studies with “Galanin” as an intervention (snapshot 2026-09-06). A registry footprint is not evidence of efficacy or approval.
| NCT | Title | Phase | Status | Updated |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT07434362 | Serum Endocan, Alarin, and Galanin-Like Peptide Levels in Diabetic Retinopathy | Not applicable | completed | 2026-02-25 |
| NCT05446025 | The Levels of the Orexin, Galanin and aMSH and CART in Patients With Hyperemesis Gravidarum | — | completed | 2023-02-02 |
| NCT03230149 | Prevalence and Characteristics of Fabry Disease (FD) in Patients With Stroke or Small Fiber Neuropathy | — | completed | 2022-09-07 |
Galanin — reconstitution calculator
Enter how much peptide is in the vial and how much diluent (e.g. bacteriostatic water) is added. The tool returns the resulting solution concentration — and, for any amount you type, the volume it corresponds to. This is educational arithmetic, not a dosing recommendation.
Reference form: Human galanin(1-30), nonamidated C-terminal Ser free acidAverage reference mass: 3,157.4 Da
Enter an amount to see the volume it corresponds to.
Educational concentration mathematics only. This tool does not recommend a dose, amount, or protocol, and nothing here is medical advice. Many peptides are not authorized by Health Canada for human use — see our reconstitution and bacteriostatic-water guides for context.
Change log
Dated observations from the data pipeline (registry flags, trial footprints, identifiers) and editorial reviews of this profile.
- ChemistryPubChem formula updated to C139H210N42O43.
FAQ about Galanin
What is Galanin?+
Galanin is a neuropeptide (30 residues in humans) that modulates neurotransmission across many brain regions. Research explores its involvement in mood, feeding, and pain-signaling pathways.
What Canadian product status is recorded for Galanin?+
Canadian product status for Galanin has not been verified in this profile. No verified record here does not mean no authorization exists. Status depends on the product, formulation and use; consult Health Canada's product records.
What is the length of the selected reference form for Galanin?+
The selected reference form (Human galanin(1-30), nonamidated C-terminal Ser free acid) has 30 residues or residue-derived units in its backbone. Other forms in this family may have a different length.
Related peptides
References & further reading
- 1.Lu et al. (2005). Galanin receptor ligands. Neuropeptides
- 2.Lerner et al. (2010). Galanin and epilepsy. Exp Suppl
- 3.Lerner et al. (2008). Galanin and epilepsy. Cell Mol Life Sci
- 4.Branchek et al. (2000). Galanin receptor subtypes. Trends Pharmacol Sci
- 5.Picciotto (2008). Galanin and addiction. Cell Mol Life Sci
- 6.Iismaa et al. (1999). Galanin and galanin receptors. Results Probl Cell Differ
- 7.Robinson (2004). Galanin and cognition. Behav Cogn Neurosci Rev
- 8.Wiesenfeld-Hallin et al. (1998). Galanin in somatosensory function. Ann N Y Acad Sci
- 9.PubChem — compound summary for Galanin (CID 16133823)
- 10.UniProt — Galanin peptides, human (P22466)
- 11.Wikipedia — Galanin