Page data last changed: . Chemistry registry snapshot: . Registry refreshes and identity assessments are separate from scientific content review.
Nature's own GLP-1/glucagon dual agonist — the conceptual ancestor of engineered dual peptides.
Also known as: OXM
Part of the Metabolic & GLP-1 peptides cluster
Overview
Oxyntomodulin is a 37-amino-acid gut hormone released from intestinal L-cells after eating. Because it activates both the GLP-1 and glucagon receptors on its own, it is frequently cited as the natural inspiration for engineered dual-agonist metabolic peptides.
Source & context
Biological / chemical source: Intestinal L-cells (proglucagon-derived)
Primary research or clinical context: Endogenous hormone; a natural template for dual-agonist metabolic peptide design
A built-in dual agonist
Oxyntomodulin is derived from the same proglucagon precursor as GLP-1 and contains the full glucagon sequence plus a C-terminal extension. That structure lets a single molecule engage two receptors — the exact property drug designers later tried to reproduce synthetically in tirzepatide-style and triple-agonist peptides.
Research framing
Oxyntomodulin is studied in appetite and energy-balance research and has appeared in early clinical investigations. Coverage here is educational and focuses on its receptor pharmacology and its place in the proglucagon family, not on dosing or human-use protocols.
Sequence
One-letter sequence commonly cited for Oxyntomodulin (educational; isoforms and modifications may differ):
HSQGTFTSDYSKYLDSRRAQDFVQWLMNTKRNRNNIA
Residues plotted ~100° apart around an α-helix — clustering of one color reveals an amphipathic face.
Structure & chemistry
Molecular identity & reference confidence
Source-supported reference
Reference values are taken from the cited molecular record or curated profile. A database match is not independent laboratory verification; modifications, counter-ions, and formulations can change the measured mass.
- Molecular form
- Oxyntomodulin (source record; form not independently established)
- Species
- Not established by this molecular identity audit
- Termini (N / C)
- Not specified / Not specified
Average reference mass
Reference policy updated: 2026-10-05
- PubChem molecular record · 2026-10-01
- Molecular formula
- C192H295N59O60S
- Average reference mass
- ≈ 4,422
- PubChem CID: 16144019
- CAS RN: 62340-29-8
- UNII: LV7ELH7V16
Chemistry values: PubChem · fetched 2026-10-01.
Clinical development snapshot
ClinicalTrials.gov lists 10 registered studies with “Oxyntomodulin” as an intervention (snapshot 2026-09-06). A registry footprint is not evidence of efficacy or approval.
| NCT | Title | Phase | Status | Updated |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT06849050 | The Influence of Acute Continuous Exercise and Adiposity on Appetite Hormones and Neural Correlates of Visual | Not applicable | completed | 2025-09-10 |
| NCT03235219 | A Phase 1b Study to Assess Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Multiple Doses of JN | Phase 1 | completed | 2025-04-27 |
| NCT06296511 | The Influence of Acute Moderate-intensity Continuous Exercise on Appetite Regulation | Not applicable | completed | 2024-03-06 |
| NCT02188303 | A Study of LY2944876 in Healthy Japanese and Non-Japanese Participants | Phase 1 | terminated | 2021-05-27 |
| NCT02119819 | A Study to Compare a New Drug for Type 2 Diabetes to Placebo and to a Treatment Already Available for Type 2 D | Phase 2 | completed | 2021-05-27 |
| NCT01945840 | Gut Hormones and Roux en Y Gastric Bypass | Not applicable | recruiting | 2021-04-20 |
Oxyntomodulin — reconstitution calculator
Enter how much peptide is in the vial and how much diluent (e.g. bacteriostatic water) is added. The tool returns the resulting solution concentration — and, for any amount you type, the volume it corresponds to. This is educational arithmetic, not a dosing recommendation.
Reference form: Oxyntomodulin (source record; form not independently established)Average reference mass: 4,422 Da
Enter an amount to see the volume it corresponds to.
Educational concentration mathematics only. This tool does not recommend a dose, amount, or protocol, and nothing here is medical advice. Many peptides are not authorized by Health Canada for human use — see our reconstitution and bacteriostatic-water guides for context.
FAQ about Oxyntomodulin
What is Oxyntomodulin?+
Oxyntomodulin is a 37-amino-acid gut hormone released from intestinal L-cells after eating. Because it activates both the GLP-1 and glucagon receptors on its own, it is frequently cited as the natural inspiration for engineered dual-agonist metabolic peptides.
What Canadian product status is recorded for Oxyntomodulin?+
Canadian product status for Oxyntomodulin has not been verified in this profile. No verified record here does not mean no authorization exists. Status depends on the product, formulation and use; consult Health Canada's product records.
What is the typical length of Oxyntomodulin?+
Oxyntomodulin is commonly described as approximately 37 amino acids (Gut hormone).
Related peptides
References & further reading
- 1.Holst et al. (2018). Oxyntomodulin: Actions and role in diabetes. Peptides
- 2.Pocai (2012). Unraveling oxyntomodulin, GLP1's enigmatic brother. J Endocrinol
- 3.Pocai (2014). Action and therapeutic potential of oxyntomodulin. Mol Metab
- 4.Wynne et al. (2010). The mechanism of action for oxyntomodulin in the regulation of obesity. Curr Opin Investig Drugs
- 5.Stepannenko et al. (2007). [Recombinant oxyntomodulin]. Bioorg Khim
- 6.Carles-Bonnet et al. (1991). Oxyntomodulin and its (19-37) and (30-37) fragments inhibit histamine-stimulated gastric acid secretion in the conscious rat. Eur J Pharmacol
- 7.PubChem — compound summary for Oxyntomodulin (CID 16144019)
- 8.Wikipedia — Oxyntomodulin