Foundational & therapeutic peptides

Insulin is a 51-amino-acid peptide hormone that regulates blood glucose. It is the foundational peptide therapeutic and a reference point fo…

Human neutrophil peptide-1 (HNP-1) is an alpha-defensin antimicrobial peptide with a disulfide-stabilized structure important in innate immu…

Cyclosporin A is a cyclic non-ribosomal peptide immunosuppressant used in transplant medicine — a landmark natural product peptide drug.

Vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone) is a nine-residue peptide closely related to oxytocin, central to water balance physiology.

Ghrelin is a 28-amino-acid hunger hormone requiring unique post-translational octanoylation for receptor activation — a key example of pepti…

Octreotide is an eight-amino-acid cyclic analog of somatostatin used clinically for hormone-secreting tumors and related indications.

Angiotensin II is an eight-amino-acid peptide central to blood-pressure regulation via the renin–angiotensin system.

Somatostatin is a 14-residue inhibitory peptide hormone regulating growth hormone and multiple gut/pancreatic hormones.

Epithalon (epitalon) is a synthetic tetrapeptide (AEDG) associated with pineal and aging research literature. It is a high-intent educationa…

LL-37 is the active 37-residue peptide from human cathelicidin, a cornerstone molecule in antimicrobial peptide and innate immunity research…

SS-31 (elamipretide) is a mitochondria-targeting tetrapeptide studied for effects on mitochondrial membranes and bioenergetics in experiment…

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is a 28-amino-acid neuropeptide involved in smooth muscle relaxation, immune modulation, and circadian b…

Gonadorelin is a synthetic decapeptide identical to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Acting on the pituitary, it stimulates release of…